Strain number NIES-3374  
Phylum Chlorophyta  
Class Chlorophyceae  
Scientific name Chlorogonium capillatum Nozaki, M.M.Watanabe & Aizawa  
Synonym  
Former name  
Common name Green alga  
Locality (Date of collection) Osaka, Japan  
Latitude / Longitude  
Habitat (Isolation source) Freshwater (Pond water)  
History < Suzaki, Toshinobu  
Isolator (Date of isolation) Suzaki, Toshinobu (1988-**-**)  
Identified by Suzaki, Toshinobu  
State of strain Subculture; Unialgal; Clonal; Axenic[2018 Jan]  
Culture condition
(Preculture condition)
Medium:  AF-6  
Temperature:  20 C
Light intensity:  11-17 µmol photons/m2/sec, L/D cycle:  10L:14D
Duration:  2 M  
Gene information act1 ( AB973441 )  
Cell size (min - max)  
Organization Unicellular; Flagellate 
Characteristics Mixotrophic ; Osmotrophic ; Planktonic ; Prey for protozoa (flagellates, ciliates, amoebids, heliozoans)  
Other strain no. Other strain no. : ATCC 50936  
Remarks Axenic 
Movie  
Related strain information
(Large number of orders and same genus or species)
Related strain information
(Whose relevance due to simultaneous purchases and other information is inferred by AI)
Strain number Scientific name Common name Habitat (Isolation source) Characteristics
NIES-751
Chlorogonium elongatum Green alga   Freshwater (Pond water) Authentic strain ; Type specimen (NIES-50002, Epitype)  
NIES-2296
Chlorogonium complexum Green alga   Freshwater (Soil) Authentic strain (Nakada et al. 2010) ; Homothallic ; Isogamous ; Resting spore-forming  
Related strain information
(Used in same reference)
Strain number Scientific name Common name Habitat (Isolation source) Characteristics
NIES-1320
Oolithotus fragilis Coccolithophore   Marine (Seawater) Planktonic  
NIES-1410
Marsupiomonas sp.   Marine (Seawater) Benthic ; Planktonic  
NIES-3356
Hemistasia phaeocystidicola   Marine (Seawater) Heterotrophic ; Parasitic on diatoms  
NIES-254
Pyramimonas parkeae   Marine (Seawater) Red tide ; Prey for Oxyrrhis marina NIES-494 and NIES-3607  
NIES-1333
Chrysochromulina sp.   Marine (Seawater) Genome decoded strain (Nishimura et al. 2014) ; Prey for NIES-1334 and NIES-1335  
Reference
Hamana, K., Niitsu, M., Hayashi, H. 2013 Occurrence of homospermidine and thermospermine as a cellular polyamine in unicellular chlorophyte and multicellular charophyte green algae. J. Gen. Appl. Micobiol., 59, 313-319.
Keywords: green alga; homospermidine; polyamine; thermospermine
Strain(s): 18,  151,  160,  255,  296,  306,  360,  363,  640,  722,  836,  1409,  1410,  1411,  1419,  1837,  2164,  2199,  3374 
PubMed: 24005181
DOI: 10.2323/jgam.59.313

Sakaguchi, M., Murakami, H., Suzaki, T. 2001 Involvement of a 40-kDa glycoprotein in food recognition, prey capture, and induction of phagocytosis in the protozoon Actinophrys sol. Protist, 152, 33-41.
Strain(s): 2497,  3374 
PubMed: 11401035
DOI: 10.1078/1434-4610-00041

Kinoshita, E., Suzaki, T., Sugiyama, M., Shigenaka, Y. 1995 Ultrastructure and rapid axopodial contraction of a heliozoan, Raphidiophyrys contractilis sp. nov. J. Eucaryot. Microbiol., 42, 283-288.
Keywords: Contraction; Heliozoa; microtubule pattern; new species; Raphidiophyrys; silicic scale; X-ray microanalysis
Strain(s): 2498,  3374 
DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1995.tb01581.x

Sakaguchi, M., Suzuki, T., Khan, S. M. M. K. Hausmann, K. 2002 Food capture by kinetocysts in the heliozoon Raphidiophrys contractilis. Eur. J. Protistol., 37, 453-458.
Keywords: Exocytosis; Extrusome; Heliozoa; Kinetocyst
Strain(s): 2498,  3374 
DOI: 10.1078/0932-4739-00847

Sakaguchi, M., Suzuki, T. 1999 Monoxenic culture of the heliozoon Actinophrys sol. Eur. J. Protistol., 35, 1-10.
Keywords: Actinophrys sol; Antibiotic; Heliozoa; Monoxenic Culture
Strain(s): 2497,  3374 
DOI: 10.1016/S0932-4739(99)80050-9

Song, C., Suzaki, T. 2013 Improved preservation of organelies in Paramecium bursaria by freeze-substitution with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. J. Electr. Microsc. Technol. Med. Biol., 27, 1-8.
Keywords: Paramecium bursaria; endosymbiosis; cryofixation; ultrastructural preservation; freeze-substitution
Strain(s): 3374 

Phylogenetic analysis of NAP, an unconventional actin of the Volvocales. 2015 Phylogenetic analysis of NAP, an unconventional actin of the Volvocales. Plant Syst. Evol., 301, 1725-1733.
Keywords: Volvocales; Divergent actin
Strain(s): 351,  546,  576,  717,  3374 
DOI: 10.1007/s00606-014-1187-5

Higuchi, S., Sugahara, F., Pascual-Anaya, J., Takagi, W., Oisi, Y., Kuratani, S. 2019 Inner ear development in cyclostomes and evolution of the vertebrate semicircular canals. Nature, 565, 347–350.
Strain(s): 3374 
PubMed: 30518864
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0782-y

Higuchi, R., Song, C., Hoshina, R., Suzaki, T. 2018 Endosymbiosis-related changes in ultrastructure and chemical composition of Chlorella variabilis (Archaeplastida, Chlorophyta) cell wall in Paramecium bursaria (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea). Eur. J. Protistol., 66, 149-155.
Keywords: Cell wall; Chlorella variabilis; GlycosaminoglycansParamecium bursaria; Symbiosis
Strain(s): 3374 
PubMed: 30286318
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.09.003

Kashiyama, Y. et al. 2019 Taming chlorophylls by early eukaryotes underpinned algal interactions and the diversification of the eukaryotes on the oxygenated Earth. ISME J., 13, 1899-1910.
Strain(s): 8,  254,  274,  286,  324,  331,  353,  381,  494,  623,  624,  997,  1012,  1013,  1015,  1320,  1330,  1333,  1334,  1335,  1372,  1377,  1388,  1390,  1396,  1397,  1408,  1438,  1439,  1441,  1964,  2008,  2142,  2144,  2149,  2300,  2305,  2325,  2433,  2498,  2502,  2566,  2584,  2586,  2589,  2590,  2677,  2878,  3356,  3374,  3775,  4477,  4478 
PubMed: 30809012
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0377-0

Hoshina, R., Tsukii, Y., Harumoto, T., Suzaki, T. 2021 Characterization of a green Stentor with symbiotic algae growing in an extremely oligotrophic environment and storing large amounts of starch granules in its cytoplasm. Sci Rep, 11, 2865 (article ID).
Strain(s): 3374 
PubMed: 33536497
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82416-9

Azuma, T., Pánek, T., Tice, A. K., Kayama, M., Kobayashi, M., Miyashita, H., Suzaki, T., Yabuki, A., Brown, M. W., Kamikawa, R. 2022 An enigmatic stramenopile sheds light on early evolution in Ochrophyta plastid organellogenesis. Mol. Biol. Evol., 39, msac065 (article ID).
Keywords: Actinophryidae; plastid evolution; aminoacyl-tRNA synthase; gene transfer; phylogenomics; organellar DNA
Strain(s): 2497,  3374 
PubMed: 35348760
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac065

Hayakawa, M. M. & Suzaki, T. 2026 Structural changes of the macronucleus and the subcortical region of Paramecium bursaria associated with algal endosymbiosis. Symbiosis, 98, 301-309.
Keywords: Endosymbiosis; Symbiotic algae; Mitochondria; Trichocyst; Nucleus; Nucleolus
Strain(s): 3374 
DOI: 10.1007/s13199-026-01125-x

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